Political polarization has intensified globally, with social media amplifying extreme views and reinforcing echo chambers. Recent research in the U.S. identified political acrophily, the tendency to prefer more extreme co-partisans over moderates, on social media platforms (Zimmerman et al., 2024). This phenomenon goes beyond homophily, revealing a pull toward political extremes and generating greater out-group animosity.
To test whether acrophily reflects a general psychological tendency or is context-specific, we adapted the design for a cross-national study. We recruited local collaborators in over 40 countries, who will review the culturally adapted materials. We ran a pilot in five countries (U.S., Chile, Germany, South Africa, and Australia), recruiting balanced samples of 250 participants each (N=1250). Participants evaluated fictional social media profiles that varied in extremity and partisan alignment, indicating follow-back intentions and rating perceived confidence, representativeness, strength, and entertainment value.
Preliminary results show that acrophily replicates across contexts, although its magnitude varies, suggesting both general and context-specific mechanisms. By comparing results across political systems and economic conditions, this project aims to clarify whether attraction to political extremes reflects a universal psychological bias amplified by social media platforms or emerges more strongly under particular social and political conditions.