Sensory representations in cortex are shaped not only by stimulus features but also by contextual and behavioral signals. In piriform cortex (PC), neurons initially tuned to odors can become modulated by non-olfactory variables, such as visual context, suggesting associative inputs contribute to this modulation. The lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC) is a candidate source, as it can influence PC microcircuits. To investigate this in vivo, we are developing a recording and manipulation pipeline in head-fixed mice performing a visual–olfactory associative task in virtual reality. Our aim is to simultaneously record from PC and connected areas using high-density Neuropixels probes, and to test causality via transient chemogenetic silencing of LEC or its projections to PC.
Currently, we are optimizing key steps, including surgical planning, probe placement, and overall protocol refinement. Using dummy Neuropixels probes, we are testing insertion strategies and validating histological methods to reconstruct probe tracks. In parallel, we are adapting behavioral protocols to habituate mice to intraperitoneal injections during head fixation and found animals continue to learn under this variation, enabling future targeted interventions during recordings.
This work-in-progress provides the technical and behavioral groundwork for future experiments testing whether contextual modulation in PC depends on LEC input, and how contextual signals are integrated into olfactory circuits.