Drosophila melanogaster under predation expresses a variety of defensive behaviors. Here we show that predation promotes learning in two different fly strains, white1118 and Canton-S. The memory retention paradigm presented here make use of a natural predator, a spider, as a source of unconditioned stimulus (US). This spider stalks and prays flies in a direct attack triggering a range of Drosophila defensive behaviors. We have found that both strains show memory retention 24 hours after a strong training session. Additionally both groups show different defensive behaviours when tested, potentially as a consequence of the physiological differences between these animals. We believe that a “decision-making” process occurs, differentiating both pathways. For both strains memory retention is only expressed when the context is consistent between the training and testing session. The present paradigm faces flies with the predator within a context (CS) and defines the memory retention as two defensive behavior strategies. As a significantly lower motor activity or as an increase in the proportion of flies in a safe compartment in trained groups of animals when compared with controls groups of flies during the testing session. Context specificity experiments suggest that this type of memory is associative.